faiss/tests/test_residual_quantizer.py

432 lines
13 KiB
Python

# Copyright (c) Facebook, Inc. and its affiliates.
#
# This source code is licensed under the MIT license found in the
# LICENSE file in the root directory of this source tree.
import numpy as np
import faiss
import unittest
from faiss.contrib import datasets
def pairwise_distances(a, b):
anorms = (a ** 2).sum(1)
bnorms = (b ** 2).sum(1)
return anorms.reshape(-1, 1) + bnorms - 2 * a @ b.T
def beam_search_encode_step_ref(cent, residuals, codes, L):
""" Reference beam search implementation
encodes a residual table.
"""
K, d = cent.shape
n, beam_size, d2 = residuals.shape
assert d == d2
n2, beam_size_2, m = codes.shape
assert n2 == n and beam_size_2 == beam_size
# compute all possible new residuals
cent_distances = pairwise_distances(residuals.reshape(n * beam_size, d), cent)
cent_distances = cent_distances.reshape(n, beam_size, K)
# TODO write in vector form
if beam_size * K <= L:
# then keep all the results
new_beam_size = beam_size * K
new_codes = np.zeros((n, beam_size, K, m + 1), dtype=int)
new_residuals = np.zeros((n, beam_size, K, d), dtype='float32')
for i in range(n):
new_codes[i, :, :, :-1] = codes[i]
new_codes[i, :, :, -1] = np.arange(K)
new_residuals[i] = residuals[i].reshape(1, d) - cent.reshape(K, d)
new_codes = new_codes.reshape(n, new_beam_size, m + 1)
new_residuals = new_residuals.reshape(n, new_beam_size, d)
new_distances = cent_distances.reshape(n, new_beam_size)
else:
# keep top-L results
new_beam_size = L
new_codes = np.zeros((n, L, m + 1), dtype=int)
new_residuals = np.zeros((n, L, d), dtype='float32')
new_distances = np.zeros((n, L), dtype='float32')
for i in range(n):
cd = cent_distances[i].ravel()
jl = np.argsort(cd)[:L] # TODO argpartition
js = jl // K # input beam index
ls = jl % K # centroid index
new_codes[i, :, :-1] = codes[i, js, :]
new_codes[i, :, -1] = ls
new_residuals[i, :, :] = residuals[i, js, :] - cent[ls, :]
new_distances[i, :] = cd[jl]
return new_codes, new_residuals, new_distances
def beam_search_encode_step(cent, residuals, codes, L, assign_index=None):
""" Wrapper of the C++ function with the same interface """
K, d = cent.shape
n, beam_size, d2 = residuals.shape
assert d == d2
n2, beam_size_2, m = codes.shape
assert n2 == n and beam_size_2 == beam_size
assert L <= beam_size * K
new_codes = np.zeros((n, L, m + 1), dtype='int32')
new_residuals = np.zeros((n, L, d), dtype='float32')
new_distances = np.zeros((n, L), dtype='float32')
sp = faiss.swig_ptr
codes = np.ascontiguousarray(codes, dtype='int32')
faiss.beam_search_encode_step(
d, K, sp(cent), n, beam_size, sp(residuals),
m, sp(codes), L, sp(new_codes), sp(new_residuals), sp(new_distances),
assign_index
)
return new_codes, new_residuals, new_distances
class TestBeamSearch(unittest.TestCase):
def do_test(self, K=70, L=10, use_assign_index=False):
""" compare C++ beam search with reference python implementation """
d = 32
n = 500
L = 10 # beam size
rs = np.random.RandomState(123)
x = rs.rand(n, d).astype('float32')
cent = rs.rand(K, d).astype('float32')
# first quant step --> input beam size is 1
codes = np.zeros((n, 1, 0), dtype=int)
residuals = x.reshape(n, 1, d)
assign_index = faiss.IndexFlatL2(d) if use_assign_index else None
ref_codes, ref_residuals, ref_distances = beam_search_encode_step_ref(
cent, residuals, codes, L
)
new_codes, new_residuals, new_distances = beam_search_encode_step(
cent, residuals, codes, L, assign_index
)
np.testing.assert_array_equal(new_codes, ref_codes)
np.testing.assert_array_equal(new_residuals, ref_residuals)
np.testing.assert_allclose(new_distances, ref_distances, rtol=1e-5)
# second quant step:
K = 50
cent = rs.rand(K, d).astype('float32')
codes, residuals = ref_codes, ref_residuals
ref_codes, ref_residuals, ref_distances = beam_search_encode_step_ref(
cent, residuals, codes, L
)
new_codes, new_residuals, new_distances = beam_search_encode_step(
cent, residuals, codes, L
)
np.testing.assert_array_equal(new_codes, ref_codes)
np.testing.assert_array_equal(new_residuals, ref_residuals)
np.testing.assert_allclose(new_distances, ref_distances, rtol=1e-5)
def test_beam_search(self):
self.do_test()
def test_beam_search_assign_index(self):
self.do_test(use_assign_index=True)
def test_small_beam(self):
self.do_test(L=1)
def test_small_beam_2(self):
self.do_test(L=2)
def eval_codec(q, xb):
codes = q.compute_codes(xb)
decoded = q.decode(codes)
return ((xb - decoded) ** 2).sum()
class TestResidualQuantizer(unittest.TestCase):
def test_training(self):
"""check that the error is in the same ballpark as PQ """
ds = datasets.SyntheticDataset(32, 3000, 1000, 0)
xt = ds.get_train()
xb = ds.get_database()
rq = faiss.ResidualQuantizer(ds.d, 4, 6)
rq.verbose
rq.verbose = True
#
rq.train_type = faiss.ResidualQuantizer.Train_default
rq.cp.verbose
# rq.cp.verbose = True
rq.train(xt)
err_rq = eval_codec(rq, xb)
pq = faiss.ProductQuantizer(ds.d, 4, 6)
pq.train(xt)
err_pq = eval_codec(pq, xb)
# in practice RQ is often better than PQ but it does not the case here, so just check
# that we are within some factor.
print(err_pq, err_rq)
self.assertLess(err_rq, err_pq * 1.2)
def test_beam_size(self):
""" check that a larger beam gives a lower error """
ds = datasets.SyntheticDataset(32, 3000, 1000, 0)
xt = ds.get_train()
xb = ds.get_database()
rq0 = faiss.ResidualQuantizer(ds.d, 4, 6)
rq0.train_type = faiss.ResidualQuantizer.Train_default
rq0.max_beam_size = 2
rq0.train(xt)
err_rq0 = eval_codec(rq0, xb)
rq1 = faiss.ResidualQuantizer(ds.d, 4, 6)
rq1.train_type = faiss.ResidualQuantizer.Train_default
rq1.max_beam_size = 10
rq1.train(xt)
err_rq1 = eval_codec(rq1, xb)
self.assertLess(err_rq1, err_rq0)
class TestIndexResidual(unittest.TestCase):
def test_io(self):
ds = datasets.SyntheticDataset(32, 1000, 100, 0)
xt = ds.get_train()
xb = ds.get_database()
ir = faiss.IndexResidual(ds.d, 3, 4)
ir.rq.train_type = faiss.ResidualQuantizer.Train_default
ir.train(xt)
ref_codes = ir.sa_encode(xb)
b = faiss.serialize_index(ir)
ir2 = faiss.deserialize_index(b)
codes2 = ir2.sa_encode(xb)
np.testing.assert_array_equal(ref_codes, codes2)
def test_factory(self):
index = faiss.index_factory(5, "RQ2x16_3x8_6x4")
np.testing.assert_array_equal(
faiss.vector_to_array(index.rq.nbits),
np.array([16, 16, 8, 8, 8, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4])
)
def test_search_decompress(self):
ds = datasets.SyntheticDataset(32, 1000, 1000, 100)
xt = ds.get_train()
xb = ds.get_database()
ir = faiss.IndexResidual(ds.d, 3, 4)
ir.rq.train_type = faiss.ResidualQuantizer.Train_default
ir.train(xt)
ir.add(xb)
D, I = ir.search(ds.get_queries(), 10)
gt = ds.get_groundtruth()
recalls = {
rank: (I[:, :rank] == gt[:, :1]).sum() / len(gt)
for rank in [1, 10, 100]
}
# recalls are {1: 0.05, 10: 0.37, 100: 0.37}
self.assertGreater(recalls[10], 0.35)
class TestIVFResidualCoarseQuantizer(unittest.TestCase):
def test_IVF_resiudal(self):
ds = datasets.SyntheticDataset(32, 3000, 1000, 100)
xt = ds.get_train()
xb = ds.get_database()
gt = ds.get_groundtruth(1)
# RQ 2x6 = 12 bits = 4096 centroids
quantizer = faiss.ResidualCoarseQuantizer(ds.d, 2, 6)
rq = quantizer.rq
rq.train_type = faiss.ResidualQuantizer.Train_default
index = faiss.IndexIVFFlat(quantizer, ds.d, 1 << rq.tot_bits)
index.quantizer_trains_alone
index.quantizer_trains_alone = True
index.train(xt)
index.add(xb)
# make sure that increasing the nprobe increases accuracy
index.nprobe = 10
D, I = index.search(ds.get_queries(), 10)
r10 = (I == gt[None, :]).sum() / ds.nq
index.nprobe = 40
D, I = index.search(ds.get_queries(), 10)
r40 = (I == gt[None, :]).sum() / ds.nq
self.assertGreater(r40, r10)
# make sure that decreasing beam factor decreases accuracy
quantizer.beam_factor
quantizer.beam_factor = 1.0
index.nprobe = 10
D, I = index.search(ds.get_queries(), 10)
r10_narrow_beam = (I == gt[None, :]).sum() / ds.nq
self.assertGreater(r10, r10_narrow_beam)
def test_factory(self):
ds = datasets.SyntheticDataset(16, 500, 1000, 100)
index = faiss.index_factory(ds.d, "IVF1024(RCQ2x5),Flat")
index.train(ds.get_train())
index.add(ds.get_database())
Dref, Iref = index.search(ds.get_queries(), 10)
b = faiss.serialize_index(index)
index2 = faiss.deserialize_index(b)
Dnew, Inew = index2.search(ds.get_queries(), 10)
np.testing.assert_equal(Dref, Dnew)
np.testing.assert_equal(Iref, Inew)
def test_ivfsq(self):
ds = datasets.SyntheticDataset(32, 3000, 1000, 100)
xt = ds.get_train()
xb = ds.get_database()
gt = ds.get_groundtruth(1)
# RQ 2x5 = 10 bits = 1024 centroids
index = faiss.index_factory(ds.d, "IVF1024(RCQ2x5),SQ8")
quantizer = faiss.downcast_index(index.quantizer)
rq = quantizer.rq
rq.train_type = faiss.ResidualQuantizer.Train_default
index.train(xt)
index.add(xb)
# make sure that increasing the nprobe increases accuracy
index.nprobe = 10
D, I = index.search(ds.get_queries(), 10)
r10 = (I == gt[None, :]).sum() / ds.nq
index.nprobe = 40
D, I = index.search(ds.get_queries(), 10)
r40 = (I == gt[None, :]).sum() / ds.nq
self.assertGreater(r40, r10)
def test_rcq_LUT(self):
ds = datasets.SyntheticDataset(32, 3000, 1000, 100)
xt = ds.get_train()
xb = ds.get_database()
# RQ 2x5 = 10 bits = 1024 centroids
index = faiss.index_factory(ds.d, "IVF1024(RCQ2x5),SQ8")
quantizer = faiss.downcast_index(index.quantizer)
rq = quantizer.rq
rq.train_type = faiss.ResidualQuantizer.Train_default
index.train(xt)
index.add(xb)
index.nprobe = 10
# set exact centroids as coarse quantizer
all_centroids = quantizer.reconstruct_n(0, quantizer.ntotal)
q2 = faiss.IndexFlatL2(32)
q2.add(all_centroids)
index.quantizer = q2
Dref, Iref = index.search(ds.get_queries(), 10)
index.quantizer = quantizer
# search with LUT
quantizer.set_beam_factor(-1)
Dnew, Inew = index.search(ds.get_queries(), 10)
np.testing.assert_array_almost_equal(Dref, Dnew, decimal=5)
np.testing.assert_array_equal(Iref, Inew)
class TestAdditiveQuantizerWithLUT(unittest.TestCase):
def test_RCQ_knn(self):
ds = datasets.SyntheticDataset(32, 1000, 0, 123)
xt = ds.get_train()
xq = ds.get_queries()
# RQ 3+4+5 = 12 bits = 4096 centroids
rcq = faiss.index_factory(ds.d, "RCQ1x3_1x4_1x5")
rcq.train(xt)
aq = rcq.rq
cents = rcq.reconstruct_n(0, rcq.ntotal)
sp = faiss.swig_ptr
# test norms computation
norms_ref = (cents ** 2).sum(1)
norms = np.zeros(1 << aq.tot_bits, dtype="float32")
aq.compute_centroid_norms(sp(norms))
np.testing.assert_array_almost_equal(norms, norms_ref, decimal=5)
# test IP search
Dref, Iref = faiss.knn(
xq, cents, 10,
metric=faiss.METRIC_INNER_PRODUCT
)
Dnew = np.zeros_like(Dref)
Inew = np.zeros_like(Iref)
aq.knn_exact_inner_product(len(xq), sp(xq), 10, sp(Dnew), sp(Inew))
np.testing.assert_array_almost_equal(Dref, Dnew, decimal=5)
np.testing.assert_array_equal(Iref, Inew)
# test L2 search
Dref, Iref = faiss.knn(xq, cents, 10, metric=faiss.METRIC_L2)
Dnew = np.zeros_like(Dref)
Inew = np.zeros_like(Iref)
aq.knn_exact_L2(len(xq), sp(xq), 10, sp(Dnew), sp(Inew), sp(norms))
np.testing.assert_array_equal(Iref, Inew)
np.testing.assert_array_almost_equal(Dref, Dnew, decimal=5)